Turn challenging situations into opportunities for service recovery and rating improvement.
Handling Complaints and Negative Feedback Professionally
Turn challenging situations into opportunities for service recovery and rating improvement.
Introduction: From Dubaiās Fast Lanes to Romaniaās Customer-Focused Roads
If youāve honed your driving and customer service skills in Dubaiāwhere standards are high, passengers are demanding, and platforms closely monitor ratingsāyou already have a strong foundation. But moving to Romania opens a new chapter: a European Union market with diverse passenger expectations, distinct cultural nuances, new regulations, and wider career routes into logistics and international freight. Mastering how to handle complaints and negative feedback professionally isnāt just a soft skillāitās the key to stable earnings, strong ratings, and long-term career growth in Romaniaās passenger transport and logistics sectors.
This comprehensive guide is engineered for professional drivers in Dubai who are planning to relocate to Romania. Youāll learn:
- How Romanian passengers think about service quality and what they value most.
- How to turn complaints into service recovery opportunities and ratings improvements.
- Practical scripts (including Romanian phrases) for defusing tense situations.
- Romania-specific rules, platforms (Uber, Bolt, traditional taxi), and escalation pathways.
- Industry insights across passenger transport and logistics, including top routes, companies, and earnings patterns.
- A step-by-step relocation and onboarding playbook designed for UAE-based drivers.
Whether you plan to drive ride-hailing in Bucharest, join a taxi fleet in Cluj-Napoca, deliver airport transfers in IaČi, or pivot into the freight/logistics market (with access to major EU corridors), your ability to handle complaints professionally will determine your reputationāand your income.
Understanding Romanian Passenger Expectations and Service Norms
Romanian riders are generally polite and practical. They expect safe driving, punctuality, fair routes, clean vehicles, and transparent pricing. While cost-consciousness is common, passengers also appreciate professionalism and small gestures that enhance comfort. Hereās what to expect as you transition from Dubai to Romania.
Cultural and Communication Basics
- Politeness matters: Begin with a simple greeting. Try āBunÄ ziuaā (Good day) or āBunÄ searaā (Good evening). Use āMulČumescā (Thank you) and āVÄ rogā (Please).
- Formal address: When in doubt, use the respectful form ādumneavoastrÄā (you, formal).
- Direct communication: Romanians tend to be straightforward. If thereās a route or price concern, they may voice it openly. Respond calmly and factually.
- Language: Romanian is the official language. In Bucharest, Cluj-Napoca, TimiČoara, and IaČi, younger passengers often speak English; in smaller cities, English proficiency varies. Knowing a few Romanian phrases can diffuse many complaints.
- Tipping: Common but not guaranteed. 5ā10% is typical for excellent service. Donāt solicit tips.
Service Priorities Romanian Riders Notice
- Cleanliness: A tidy interior, no smoke smell (strictly no smoking in the car), and temperature control.
- Smooth driving: Respect speed limits (50 km/h in urban areas unless posted higher; 90 km/h outside towns; 100 km/h on express roads; 130 km/h on motorways), avoid aggressive maneuvers.
- Route transparency: Using navigation (Waze/Google Maps) and explaining route choicesāespecially around Bucharestās heavy traffic, DN1 toward BraČov, or summer congestion on A2 to ConstanČa.
- Punctuality and communication: Message if delayed. In winter, allow extra time.
- Payments and receipts: For taxi services, receipts are expected. On ride-hailing, ensure the app trip ends correctly.
Common Complaint Triggers in Romania
- āYou took the long wayā on DN1 or in Bucharestās rush hour around PiaČa Victoriei or Čoseaua Čtefan cel Mare.
- āCar was too cold/hot,ā especially during winter (Transylvania can get very cold) or summer heat waves.
- āDriver didnāt speak Romanian/English.ā Miscommunication can escalate small issues into negative ratings.
- āLate to OTP (Henri CoandÄ Airport).ā Airport transfers require precise timing and alternative route planning.
- āCar wasnāt clean,ā particularly after weekend nights in Bucharestās Old Town (Centrul Vechi) or seaside runs to/from Mamaia.
The Complaint Lifecycle in Romania: From In-Car Issues to Platform Escalation
Successful drivers donāt fear complaintsāthey manage them proactively. Understanding how complaints move from the car to the platform (Uber, Bolt) or dispatch (traditional taxi) helps you control outcomes.
Stage 1: In-Car Handling
- Acknowledge: Listen without interrupting. Maintain eye contact at stops.
- Clarify: Confirm the issue. āDo I understand correctly that the AC is too cold?ā
- Offer solutions: Adjust settings, show the route options on the map, suggest a faster alternative when safe.
- Document if needed: Note the time, location, and details of serious incidents (safety concerns, damage) in case of platform follow-up.
Stage 2: Post-Ride Resolution
- Send a polite follow-up message via the app (if available) thanking the passenger and noting any corrective actions.
- If the passenger leaves a negative rating or comment, respond through the platformās support with factual, calm language.
Stage 3: Platform or Dispatch Review
- Uber and Bolt: Drivers can reply to support tickets and provide screenshots (route, ETA) to clarify misunderstandings.
- Taxi fleets: Romanian dispatch centers (e.g., in Bucharest: Cobalcescu, Meridian, Speed Taxi) may contact you for details. Professionalism and prompt responses matter.
Stage 4: Preventive Improvements
- Update your standard operating procedures (SOPs): pre-ride checklists, AC settings, route scripts.
- Track your ratings weekly; aim for 4.8+ on ride-hailing apps.
Important Compliance Note
- Dashcams: Video recording in public spaces is generally permitted for personal use in Romania, but GDPR applies. Avoid recording audio without consent. If you use a dashcam, keep footage secure and disclose recording if asked. For commercial use or sharing footage publicly, seek legal guidance.
Techniques to Turn Complaints into 5-Star Recoveries (With Romanian Scripts)
Service recovery is the art of converting a dissatisfied passenger into a loyal advocate. The techniques below are adapted to Romanian culture and typical ride contexts.
The LEARN Model for Romanian Rides
- Listen: Give full attention and avoid arguing.
- Empathize: Show understanding using polite Romanian phrases.
- Apologize: Even if not at fault, apologize for the inconvenience.
- Resolve: Offer a practical solution promptly.
- Notify: After the ride, summarize what you did in the appās chat/support.
Ready-to-Use Phrases
-
Greeting and Reassurance:
- Romanian: āBunÄ ziua! VÄ rog, spuneČi-mi dacÄ pot face ceva pentru confortul dumneavoastrÄ.ā
- English: āGood day! Please let me know if I can adjust anything for your comfort.ā
-
Acknowledging a Complaint:
- Romanian: āĆmi pare rÄu pentru inconvenient. HaideČi sÄ vedem cea mai bunÄ soluČie.ā
- English: āIām sorry for the inconvenience. Letās find the best solution.ā
-
Route Transparency:
- Romanian: āFolosesc Waze/Google Maps. VreČi ruta mai scurtÄ sau cea mai rapidÄ Ć®n acest moment?ā
- English: āIām using Waze/Google Maps. Would you prefer the shortest route or the fastest one right now?ā
-
Time Sensitivity (Airport):
- Romanian: āPentru aeroport, putem evita traficul pe DN1 alegĆ¢nd ruta [X]. Este Ć®n regulÄ?ā
- English: āFor the airport, we can avoid DN1 traffic by taking [X] route. Is that okay?ā
-
Comfort Settings:
- Romanian: āPot mÄri temperatura / pot reduce ventilaČia. AČa este mai bine?ā
- English: āI can increase the temperature / lower the fan. Is this better?ā
-
Payment or Receipt Issues:
- Romanian: āVÄ eliberez bon fiscal. Plata Ć®n aplicaČie este confirmatÄ.ā
- English: āIāll provide the fiscal receipt. The in-app payment is confirmed.ā
-
Service Recovery Offer:
- Romanian: āĆmi cer scuze pentru Ć®ntĆ¢rziere. VÄ ofer o pauzÄ scurtÄ pentru a cumpÄra apÄ/cafea, fÄrÄ costuri suplimentare.ā
- English: āIām sorry for the delay. I can stop briefly so you can grab water/coffee at no extra charge.ā
Scenario Playbooks
1) āYou Took the Long Wayā (Bucharest or DN1 to BraČov)
- Response: Show the live traffic on your navigation. Explain incident areas (e.g., PiaČa Presei Libere congestion, DN1 bottlenecks near Comarnic on weekends).
- Script: āAm urmat ruta cea mai rapidÄ conform Waze. UitaČi, aici sunt ambuteiaje. VreČi sÄ schimbÄm pe ruta alternativÄ?ā
- Recovery: Offer a short detour if it improves ETA, and confirm the new ETA.
2) āCar Was Too Cold/Hotā (Winter in Cluj-Napoca or BraČov)
- Response: Adjust settings immediately; offer a warmer seat if available.
- Script: āĆmi pare rÄu. MÄresc temperatura acum. VÄ rog sÄ-mi spuneČi dacÄ e mai bine.ā
- Recovery: Provide tissues or a small courtesy (if available). Follow up with a friendly remark as they exit.
3) āDriver Didnāt Speak Romanianā (Smaller Cities)
- Response: Keep a set of pre-written phrases on your phone and use polite, simple sentences.
- Script: āĆmi cer scuze, vorbesc puČin romĆ¢neČte. Putem folosi engleza sau aplicaČia pentru adrese?ā
- Recovery: Use the appās address confirmation and repeat back the destination to reduce errors.
4) āWeāre Late to OTP Airportā (Bucharest)
- Response: Acknowledge stress; explain traffic causes; propose fastest legal option.
- Script: āĆmi pare rÄu pentru Ć®ntĆ¢rziere. Pe A3/A0 traficul este mai liber acum. Ajungem Ć®n [X] minute.ā
- Recovery: Offer drop-off at the most efficient terminal spot; assist with luggage quickly.
5) āDriver Was Rudeā (Tone Misunderstandings)
- Response: Apologize and reframe.
- Script: āĆmi pare rÄu dacÄ am pÄrut grÄbit. IntenČia mea este sÄ vÄ duc Ć®n siguranČÄ Či cĆ¢t mai rapid.ā
- Recovery: Maintain a warm tone and avoid defensiveness. A small courtesy gesture helps.
Working With Romanian Platforms, Taxi Fleets, and Regulations
Ride-Hailing: Uber and Bolt
- Availability: Strong presence in Bucharest, Cluj-Napoca, TimiČoara, IaČi, BraČov, ConstanČa, and other major cities.
- Ratings Matter: 4.8+ keeps earnings stable. You can reply to support tickets with screenshots (traffic maps, ETAs).
- Alternative Transport Regulation: Romania regulates ride-sharing under specific provisions (often referred to as ātransport alternativā), requiring driver background checks, medical/psychological clearances, and vehicle criteria. Expect periodic document checks and car inspections via partner fleets or platform partners.
Traditional Taxi Companies
- Examples by city:
- Bucharest: Cobalcescu, Meridian, Speed Taxi (brands may shift over time; check current fleets).
- Cluj-Napoca: Nova Taxi, Diesel, Pro Taxi.
- IaČi: Lux Taxi, RVR Taxi.
- Dispatch Protocols: Complaints may be routed through dispatch. Keep incident logs and maintain good record-keeping for disputed fares/routes.
- Taximeter and Receipts: Calibrated meters and fiscal receipts are mandatory for regulated taxi services.
Passenger Safety and Legal Considerations
- Seatbelts: Mandatory for all passengers.
- Child seats: Required for children; always ask if a child seat is needed.
- Alcohol and smoking: Zero tolerance for driving under the influence; strictly no smoking in the vehicle.
- Data protection: Respect privacy; avoid sharing passenger details.
Best Practices and Tips (Specific to Romania)
- Learn key Romanian phrases for directions: āla stĆ¢ngaā (left), āla dreaptaā (right), āĆ®nainteā (straight), āocolireā (detour).
- Map mastery: Know the ring roads and bypassesāA0 (Bucharest ring, sections opening gradually), A1 toward NÄdlac (Hungary border), A2 to ConstanČa, A3 sections in Transylvania, DN roads like DN1 and E85.
- Winter readiness: Use winter tires (mandatory during winter conditions); keep scraper, de-icer, gloves, and a blanket in the car.
- Cash change: Keep small bills (5ā10 lei) for tips or parking. Many rides are cashless, but having change helps.
- Airport procedures: For OTP, agree on the pickup point (Arrivals vs. Departures) and communicate clearly to avoid delays.
- Receipt culture: In taxis, always provide a fiscal receipt; for ride-hailing, ensure the app shows completed trips correctly.
- Incident kit: Keep a first-aid kit, phone charger options, tissues, hand sanitizer, and a trash bag.
- Dashcam discipline: If using one, angle it to the road, keep audio off unless you have clear consent.
Common Challenges and Solutions (Relocating from Dubai to Romania)
1) Weather and Road Conditions
- Challenge: Winter snow/ice in Transylvania and Moldova; fog near Carpathian passes; summer storms.
- Solution: Winter tires, cautious acceleration/braking, longer following distances, and more time buffers for airport rides.
2) Language Gap
- Challenge: Limited Romanian skills can lead to misunderstandings.
- Solution: Take a 6ā8 week Romanian basics course. Use translation apps. Practice scripted phrases for frequent interactions.
3) Platform Documentation and Compliance
- Challenge: Meeting Romaniaās specific requirements for ride-hailing/taxi drivers.
- Solution: Work with a reputable partner fleet in your chosen city. Prepare medical/psychological certificates, background checks, and vehicle paperwork in advance.
4) Cost of Living vs. Earnings Volatility
- Challenge: Income can fluctuate by city and season (e.g., summer coastal runs to ConstanČa may surge; off-peak winters may slow).
- Solution: Track weekly earnings, diversify hours (airport mornings, weekend nights), and consider corporate transfers or parcel delivery during slow periods.
5) Driving Style Adaptation
- Challenge: Romanian urban traffic can be assertive, especially in Bucharest.
- Solution: Stay calm, follow rules, and avoid engaging with aggressive drivers. Defensive driving earns higher ratings.
6) Administrative Hurdles (Visa/Permits)
- Challenge: As a non-EU national moving from Dubai, you may need a work visa and residency permit.
- Solution: Secure a job offer or partner arrangement, apply for the appropriate long-stay visa (work/activity), and prepare for residence permit procedures after arrival.
Industry Insights: Romanian Passenger Transport and Logistics Landscape
Romania offers a unique blend: bustling urban ride-hailing markets, robust intercity taxi/transfer demand, and a fast-growing logistics sector tied into EU corridors. Understanding this landscape helps you plan a stable, future-proof career.
Key Cities and Passenger Demand Patterns
- Bucharest: Highest demand, especially around business districts (PiaČa Victoriei, Pipera), Old Town weekends, and OTP airport.
- Cluj-Napoca: Strong tech and university presence; high airport transfer volume; business rides.
- TimiČoara: Industrial base; steady weekday rides; connection to western borders.
- IaČi: University city with steady local and airport trips; growing business travel.
- BraČov: Tourism-driven (Poiana BraČov); winter peaks for ski season.
- ConstanČa/Mamaia: Seasonal summer surge for beach tourism; A2 traffic spikes.
Logistics and Freight: Growth Opportunities for Drivers
Even if you start with passenger rides, many drivers pivot into freight/logistics for higher earnings.
- EU Corridors: A1 toward Hungary (NÄdlac II border), A2 to the Black Sea port of ConstanČa, A3 segments linking Transylvania, E60/E70/E85 pan-European routes.
- Port of ConstanČa: Major hub for containerized cargo; creates demand for drayage and regional distribution.
- Major Players: Multinationals and local operators (e.g., DB Schenker Romania, DSV, DHL, KLG Europe, FAN Courier, Sameday) and regional fleets supporting automotive (Dacia Mioveni, Ford Otosan Craiova) and FMCG.
- Roles: 3.5t van drivers (B-category), domestic LTL/FTL runs, international truck driving with CPC and tachograph compliance.
- Earnings: International truck drivers often earn higher net pay (including per diems), while urban courier driving offers stable schedules.
Compliance Trends
- EU Mobility Package: Posting, rest rules, and digital tachograph requirements (important if you transition to trucking).
- Professional Certifications: CPC for bus/truck drivers; attestation/certificates for taxi/alternative transport drivers.
Turning Negative Feedback into Ratings and Income Growth
Ratings drive visibility and incentives on platforms. Treat each complaint as a data point.
Track Your Service KPIs
- CSAT (average star rating) by day/time and neighborhood.
- Common issue categories: route disputes, temperature, cleanliness, language.
- Recovery success rate: Share of incidents where you applied a fix and saw neutral/positive feedback later.
Build a Personal SOP
- Pre-ride: 60-second interior check, temperature set to 21ā22°C, navigation app open with traffic layer.
- En route: Offer water (optional), confirm AC/temperature after 2ā3 minutes, avoid political/religious topics.
- Post-ride: Quick thank-you message (for high-risk rides like delayed airport transfers).
Collaborate With Partner Fleets
- Request feedback summaries from dispatch/platform reps.
- Attend periodic training on local regulations and customer service.
Practical Action Steps: Dubai-to-Romania Relocation Timeline
The following 90ā120 day plan is designed for drivers relocating from the UAE to Romania.
1) 90ā120 Days Before Arrival
- Research your target city: Compare Bucharest (volume) vs. Cluj/TimiČoara/IaČi (work-life balance, lower congestion).
- Choose your pathway: Ride-hailing via partner fleet, traditional taxi, or start with courier work.
- Prepare documents:
- Valid passport with sufficient validity.
- Driverās license (UAE and international permit, if applicable).
- Clean police clearance (if requested by partners).
- Driving record if available (helps with insurance/partner onboarding).
- Explore visa options: For non-EU citizens, a long-stay visa for work or professional activity is typically required before residence permit. Consult official Romanian immigration resources or authorized advisors.
2) 60ā90 Days Before Arrival
- Contact Romanian partner fleets (Uber/Bolt partners) in your chosen city; request list of requirements (medical/psychological check, car model/year limits, insurance).
- Arrange accommodation: Proximity to airport/business districts can boost early earnings.
- Start Romanian language basics: Focus on greetings, directions, numbers, and service phrases.
3) 30ā60 Days Before Arrival
- Plan your vehicle strategy:
- Lease through a partner fleet or use your car if it meets criteria (age, technical inspection ITP, insuranceāRCA and, ideally, CASCO).
- For taxi: Secure taximeter installation, fiscal device registration via fleet.
- Insurance and liabilities: Confirm coverage for commercial use.
- Prepare winter kit if arriving in cold months: Winter tires, ice scraper, emergency kit.
4) Arrival to First 30 Days in Romania
- Complete medical and psychological evaluations as required.
- Register for any required professional attestations (for taxi/alternative transport) through authorized centers.
- City orientation: Drive key corridors and airportsāOTP in Bucharest, Avram Iancu (CLJ), Traian Vuia (TSR), IaČi (IAS), and Mihail KogÄlniceanu (CND) for ConstanČa.
- Soft launch: Start with off-peak hours to learn traffic patterns before tackling rush hour.
5) 30ā90 Days After Arrival
- Stabilize your schedule: Mix high-demand zones and times; track ratings and feedback weekly.
- Build local network: Join driver groups, partner fleet forums, and consider a mentor driver.
- Explore diversification: Airport transfers, corporate contracts, or seasonal coastal runs in summer.
- Consider future steps: If logistics interests you, research CPC training (for trucks) and companies hiring B/C/CE category drivers.
Advanced Recovery Tactics for Romanian Contexts
- Airport emergency buffer: For OTP runs, add a 15ā20 minute buffer during peak times and communicate ETAs frequently.
- Route proof: Keep screenshots of navigation when a passenger questions the route; attach them in support tickets after the ride.
- Cleanliness protocol: After weekend late-night rides in Bucharestās Old Town or Clujās student areas, budget a 10-minute cleanup break.
- Seasonal etiquette: In winter, proactively ask if the passenger wants a warmer temperature or slower driving for comfort.
- Corporate bookings: Offer professional touchesāsilent rides upon request, phone chargers, and punctual pick-ups near business hubs like Pipera (Bucharest) or PiaČa Unirii (Cluj).
Case Studies: Realistic Romanian Scenarios
Case 1: Friday Evening, Bucharest, Old Town Pickup
- Complaint: āDriver late and took a busy route.ā
- Action: Texted when nearby, explained road closures and showed Waze congestion.
- Recovery: Switched to a lesser-known local street to bypass crowds; arrived faster than ETA.
- Outcome: Passenger appreciated transparency and left a positive comment.
Case 2: Winter Morning, Cluj to Airport
- Complaint: āToo cold; driver in a hurry.ā
- Action: Apologized, raised temperature, slowed slightly while communicating expected arrival time.
- Recovery: Helped with luggage; provided a quick follow-up message wishing a good flight.
- Outcome: Neutral-to-positive rating; complaint didnāt escalate.
Case 3: ConstanČa Summer Weekend, Return from Mamaia
- Complaint: āPrice high and route crowded.ā
- Action: Explained surge due to demand and showed traffic data; offered a short scenic detour along a parallel road to improve comfort.
- Outcome: Passenger accepted context; left neutral rating instead of negative.
Building Long-Term Customer Service Excellence
- Continuous learning: Take short courses in Romanian customer service language.
- Feedback loops: Ask your partner fleet for periodic performance summaries.
- Technology stack: Waze + Google Maps; translation app; expense tracker; weather alerts.
- Health and professionalism: Rest well, stay hydrated, and keep a positive tone.
Conclusion: Make Complaints Your Competitive Advantage in Romania
Relocating from Dubai to Romania is a chance to bring world-class service standards into a growing EU market. Complaints will happenāeven to the best drivers. What sets top earners apart is how they respond: calm listening, respectful language, transparent routing, and quick, practical fixes. Use the scripts, playbooks, and relocation steps in this guide to build a 4.8+ rating, steady earnings, and a credible track record that opens doorsāfrom ride-hailing and taxi work to logistics and international freight.
Ready to plan your move? Start your 90ā120 day relocation timeline today: shortlist your target city, contact partner fleets, begin language practice, and set up your compliance checklists. The Romanian market rewards drivers who combine safe driving with professional, compassionate service, especially when the ride doesnāt go as planned.
FAQ: Working and Living in Romania as a Professional Driver
1) Can I use my UAE driving license in Romania?
- Short stays: Tourists can typically drive with a foreign license for a limited period. For long-term residence and professional driving, you will need to follow Romanian rules.
- Conversion: Direct exchange may not be available for all non-EU licenses. Many non-EU drivers eventually obtain a Romanian driving license by passing the theory and practical tests. Check the latest rules with the Romanian authorities.
- Professional work: Taxi/ride-hailing may require additional attestations/certifications beyond a standard B-category license.
2) What cities are best for starting as a ride-hailing or taxi driver?
- Bucharest: Highest ride volume, strong airport traffic, and corporate demand.
- Cluj-Napoca: Balanced demand with student/tech scenes; airport transfers are frequent.
- TimiČoara: Industrial-business mix with steady weekday demand.
- IaČi: University city with growing business travel; good for consistent mid-level earnings.
- ConstanČa: Seasonal spikes in summer; plan for variability.
3) What is the cost of living like compared to Dubai?
- Housing: Typically lower than Dubai, but varies by city and neighborhood. Bucharest is the most expensive among major Romanian cities.
- Transport and food: Generally affordable; local markets offer good value.
- Utilities and internet: Reasonably priced; good mobile coverage.
- Tip: Keep a three-month cash buffer while you stabilize earnings.
4) How do winters affect driving and customer service?
- Conditions: Snow, ice, and reduced visibility, especially in Transylvania and mountain areas near BraČov.
- Preparation: Winter tires, slower speeds, defogging routines, and extra travel time.
- Service angle: Proactive comfort checks (temperature) and clear communication improve ratings.
5) Do I need to speak Romanian to succeed?
- Not strictly, especially in large cities, but basic Romanian significantly reduces misunderstandings and increases tips.
- Focus vocabulary: Greetings, numbers, directions, comfort requests, and payment/receipt phrases.
6) Are there benefits to being based in Romania as a driver within the EU?
- EU market access: Living and working in an EU member state simplifies movement of goods and cross-border logistics opportunities (subject to visas/work authorization for non-EU nationals).
- Training and compliance: EU-recognized certifications (like CPC for trucks) can enhance regional employability.
- Growth paths: Transition from ride-hailing to courier or international trucking for higher earnings.
7) What should I know about handling complaints and privacy (GDPR)?
- Keep passenger data private; donāt share images or personal details.
- Dashcams: Video in public spaces is generally permitted for personal use; be cautious with audio and public sharing.
- Platform responses: Use factual, concise language and attach evidence (e.g., navigation screenshots) when disputing a complaint.
Implement these techniques and cultural insights to turn occasional complaints into a consistent advantage. With the right approach, your Dubai-honed professionalism will stand out in Romaniaās dynamic passenger and logistics markets, opening doors to better ratings, higher earnings, and long-term European career growth.
